¿Por qué es tan importante el ‘Mata Mua’ de Gauguin?
Es el protagonista del enésimo episodio de desavenencias de Tita Cervera y el Gobierno por el alquiler de la colección
– celia sierra 16.06.2020 | 00:21
Es una de las piezas mas importantes del Thyssen. Foto: DEIA
Madrid – Mata Mua (Érase una vez,
1892) de Paul Gauguin es una de las piezas más importantes del Museo
Nacional Thyssen-Bornemisza y ahora es, además, el protagonista
inesperado del enésimo episodio de las desavenencias entre Tita Cervera y
el Gobierno por el alquiler de su colección.
El
cuadro es una preciosa escena, imaginada por Gauguin, de su etapa de
Tahití, en la que puede verse a varias mujeres adorando a Hida, la
deidad de la luna. Su adquisición fue una de las últimas del barón
Thyssen y es, sin duda, la joya de la corona de la colección privada de
su viuda.
En
este momento el cuadro ya no está en el Museo Thyssen y su salida a
subasta, algo que Carmen Thyssen asegura que no pretende hacer, sería
algo extraordinario, y probablemente no volvería a suceder en mucho
tiempo.
"Es
completamente excepcional encontrar piezas de Gauguin de ese calibre,
del periodo de Tahití, por eso es particularmente valioso", explica
Javier Arnaldo Alcubilla, conservador y jefe de investigación del
Thyssen entre 2001-2011 y catedrático de Historia del Arte en la
Universidad Complutense de Madrid.
la baronesa La
colección de la baronesa Thyssen no tiene nada que ver con la de su
marido, que el Estado compró en los noventa. Esta sigue siendo de su
propiedad y desde 2004 se expone en el museo. Una decena de ministros se
han sucedido desde entonces sin conseguir atar el acuerdo para que se
quede, aunque ha estado a punto de cerrarse en varias ocasiones. La
relación ha estado salpicada, como ahora, de desavenencias y cruce de
acusaciones en los medios. En este tiempo la baronesa ha vendido obras y
ha abierto otros museos, como el de Málaga, el de Andorra y el espacio
de Sant Feliu de Guixols (solo en verano), lo que ha fragmentado la
colección, de la que ya ha sido vendida otra de sus joyas, La esclusa, de John Constable, en 2012.
"Son
pérdidas muy importantes, la colección se ha ido descabezando, no está
retirando obras secundarias, sino más bien lo contrario", explica el
experto y crítico de arte, que ve con "consternación" cómo la colección,
que es importante pero también "muy desigual", está perdiendo parte de
su valor.
obras destacadas Todavía quedan en ella cuadros "destacados", como Los segadores, de Pablo Ruiz Picasso, o Portuguesa,
de Robert Delaunay, y varios conjuntos, como el de vistas venecianas,
el de impresionistas franceses y el de expresionismo alemán, con
"entidad museológica", añade.
Cuando
la baronesa vendió el Constable, Ángeles González Sinde era ministra de
Cultura. Parecía que había conseguido alcanzar un acuerdo para el
alquiler de la colección y también frenar la salida de la obra, pero en
el último momento Carmen Thyssen se echó para atrás.
"Esta
es su práctica habitual", según señaló González Sinde, que recuerda con
amargura ese episodio y le parece injusto la atención que los medios
prestan a su colección".
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Mata Mua: Paul Gauguin (1848-1903)
28 june, 1989 - 24 july, 1989
/
Sabatini Building, Floor 1, Protocol Room
The Centro de Arte Reina Sofía has been chosen by Baron Hans
Heinrich Thyssen-Bonemisza as the venue for displaying one of his latest
acquisitions: the painting Mata Mua (Autrefois) by Paul Gauguin (Paris, 1848 - Atuona, French Polynesia 1903).
The French painter goes to
Tahiti in June 1891 in search of artistic inspiration in the primitive
villages untouched by Western civilisation, or as the artists himself
states in his famous phrase “Je veux aller chez les sauvages” (I'm off to live with the savages). His first stay on the island lasts until July of 1893, the period in which Gauguin paints Mata Mua (Autrefois) -
in December 1892 - after finding out that the lost paradise he is
searching for does not exist as such. In the title of the work, the word
autrefois - in English 'in olden times' - nostalgically
alludes to a glorious past whose very essence, for Gauguin and many
other artists, is represented in primitive art.
The painting, an oil on canvas measuring ninety-one centimetres high and sixty nine wide, has its title written in the bottom left corner in a what is a rough transcription in the French pronunciation of the Tahitian language. It depicts a Tahitian landscape made up of a tree that fills the centre of the composition in which two Maori women are sitting in the foreground, one playing the flute and the other listening. Behind them Guaguin paints a sedate statue of Hina -the Goddess of the moon and rival of the sun God, called Oro- around which three other women are dancing garbed in blue and white dresses. In the background there is a pink mountain rising above the trees.
The strange thing about this work is that the scene is a product of Gauguin's own fiction in which the story of Hina is part of his imagination, as is the form of the statue that wouldn't have existed as such, but would have been inspired by diverse sources.
Mata Mua is exhibited for the first time in Gauguin's individual exhibition in the Durand-Ruel Gallery in 1893. In the sale in 1895, which takes place in the Hotel Drouot and enables Gauguin to embark upon his second and final journey to Oceania, it is one of the paintings that appears to have been sold. However, in actual fact the artist himself, through an intermediary, bids for it. Three years after his death the picture features among his other works in an exhibition in the Salon d’Automne in Paris, and after its appearance it moves around numerous galleries and collections.
On 10 May 1989 the Baron Thyssen-Bornemisza acquires Mata Mua at the Southeby's auction in New York. Just five years previously the Baron had purchased the same work, though on that occasion he purchased it with his friend and collector Ortiz Patino from Bolivia after a provisional agreement between the two that stipulated both would take possession of the work for two years and a half.
After five years have passed an agreement has to be reached: either one buys the other out or it goes on auction. Ortiz Patino rejects Baron Thyssen's first offer, deciding to bid for it at auction. The initial cost when it was bought between them was 3,800,000 dollars, now the new value has reached 24,200,000, the final price it is acquired for to form part of the Thyssen-Bornemisza Collection.
Gauguin's emblematic work is exhibited practically during the whole month in the Sala de Protocolo of the Centro de Arte Reina Sofía.
The painting, an oil on canvas measuring ninety-one centimetres high and sixty nine wide, has its title written in the bottom left corner in a what is a rough transcription in the French pronunciation of the Tahitian language. It depicts a Tahitian landscape made up of a tree that fills the centre of the composition in which two Maori women are sitting in the foreground, one playing the flute and the other listening. Behind them Guaguin paints a sedate statue of Hina -the Goddess of the moon and rival of the sun God, called Oro- around which three other women are dancing garbed in blue and white dresses. In the background there is a pink mountain rising above the trees.
The strange thing about this work is that the scene is a product of Gauguin's own fiction in which the story of Hina is part of his imagination, as is the form of the statue that wouldn't have existed as such, but would have been inspired by diverse sources.
Mata Mua is exhibited for the first time in Gauguin's individual exhibition in the Durand-Ruel Gallery in 1893. In the sale in 1895, which takes place in the Hotel Drouot and enables Gauguin to embark upon his second and final journey to Oceania, it is one of the paintings that appears to have been sold. However, in actual fact the artist himself, through an intermediary, bids for it. Three years after his death the picture features among his other works in an exhibition in the Salon d’Automne in Paris, and after its appearance it moves around numerous galleries and collections.
On 10 May 1989 the Baron Thyssen-Bornemisza acquires Mata Mua at the Southeby's auction in New York. Just five years previously the Baron had purchased the same work, though on that occasion he purchased it with his friend and collector Ortiz Patino from Bolivia after a provisional agreement between the two that stipulated both would take possession of the work for two years and a half.
After five years have passed an agreement has to be reached: either one buys the other out or it goes on auction. Ortiz Patino rejects Baron Thyssen's first offer, deciding to bid for it at auction. The initial cost when it was bought between them was 3,800,000 dollars, now the new value has reached 24,200,000, the final price it is acquired for to form part of the Thyssen-Bornemisza Collection.
Gauguin's emblematic work is exhibited practically during the whole month in the Sala de Protocolo of the Centro de Arte Reina Sofía.